Lets dive into a World where Wax isn't just for Candle Making—welcome to the whimsical History of Wax Figures, Sculptures and Masks! From Ancient Egyptian Funeral Rites to Renaissance art studios, Wax has played a pivotal role in human creativity and superstition. Let's embark on a fascinating journey through the ages where Gods, Dolls, and Magical Mischief all take an important role.
Picture the solemn ceremonies of Ancient Egypt, where Wax figures played a central role in funeral rites. These meticulously crafted deities were not mere decorations but essential companions for the deceased on their journey to the afterlife. Preserved in graves and revered in temples, these waxen gods symbolised protection, guidance, and eternal life—a testament to the profound beliefs of ancient Egyptian civilization!
Figure 5 above: Four "viscera" beeswax and resin figures, embodying the Four Sons of Horus, discovered inside Djedmutesankh's mummy, including a jackal-headed representation of Duamutef guarding the stomach. Click here for Public Domain Source Image.
Meanwhile, across the Mediterranean, ancient Greek children were delighting in their own wax creations. Dolls made from beeswax or tallow were not just toys; they were cherished companions that sparked imagination and creativity. Whether re-enacting myths or embarking on imaginary adventures, these waxen playmates, called 'playgons' were an integral part of childhood in ancient Greece, offering hours of entertainment and companionship
Figures 6 and 7 above: (Left) Ancient Greek 'Plagons', which are also called 'Ancient Barbies', were often made of Wax. (Right) Moulds were produced for said Plagons for mass production. Click here for Public Domain Source Image.
Figure 1 and 2 above: 17th Century BC Greek Gold Ibex Sculpture with feet and head made using the 'long lost' wax technique'. Excavation from Santorini. Click here for Public Domain Source Image.
Romans took wax figures to the next level. Patrician families preserved masks of their ancestors in wax, parading them on special occasions and even in funeral processions. However, the most significant party happened during the closing days of the Saturnalia. Called Sigillaria, it was all about giving presents, such as wax fruit and statuettes. Who made these whimsical creations? The Sigillarii-the Manufacturers who specialised in crafting small wax figures and other playful mediums.
Jumping ahead to the Middle Ages, wax figures took on a more pious role. Votive offerings in churches were crafted from wax figures, preserving memories and expressing devotion. But it wasn't all sweetness and light—malice and superstition crept in with wax images of disliked individuals. Long pins were thrust into these figures, hoping for some dark, mystical consequences. Spoiler: belief in this form of Black Magic never quite went away.
Enter the Renaissance in Italy, where wax modelling became the hottest trend. Some of the greatest masters like Michelangelo and Giovanni da Bologna embraced the versatility of wax. Ever wondered about those exquisite bronze medals? They owe their charm to the artful wax models cast using the cire-perdue (lost-wax) process. Even wax medallion portraits gained popularity in the 16th century, with artists like Antonio Abondio earning fame for their playful wax creations at imperial courts in Vienna and Prague.
Figure 4: Death Mask Plaster Recreation of a 10 year old roman girl named Claudia Victoria made by her Mother Claudia Severina. Found in Lyon, France dating to around 100 A.D. Click here for Original Image Source.
Wax figures have come a long way from ancient rituals to Renaissance art studios, proving that this pliable material is not just for candles. From divine deities to mischievous magic, the playful history of wax figures is a testament to human imagination and creativity. So, the next time you light a candle or spot a wax figure, remember the wacky and whimsical journey this versatile material has taken throughout the ages. It's not just wax; it's a world of wonder waiting to be moulded into something extraordinary!
Wax figures have come a long way from ancient rituals to Renaissance art studios, proving that this pliable material is not just for candles. From divine deities to mischievous magic, the playful history of wax figures is a testament to human imagination and creativity. So, the next time you light a candle or spot a wax figure, remember the wacky and whimsical journey this versatile material has taken throughout the ages. It's not just wax; it's a world of wonder waiting to be moulded into something extraordinary!